TOEFL iBT Practice Questions
Reading, Listening, Speaking, and Writing sections
According to the passage, what is the author's main concern regarding modern industry and technology?
- A That they will cause more pollution than the Industrial Revolution
- B That their psychological impact could be devastating if similar changes occur
- C That they will reverse the ecological progress made since the 1800s
- D That they represent a less significant change than the Industrial Revolution
What does the professor imply about the student's research proposal?
- A It requires significant revision before submission
- B It shows originality but lacks sufficient data
- C It is ready for the department review committee
- D It would be better suited for a different course
The student expresses her opinion about the proposed policy. State her opinion and explain the reasons she gives for holding that opinion.
Practice Your Response
Prepare: 15 seconds | Speak: 45 seconds
Sample High-Scoring Response (Score: 4/4)
| Scoring Criteria | Score |
|---|---|
| General Description | 4 - Clear opinion stated |
| Delivery | 4 - Fluent, clear pronunciation |
| Language Use | 4 - Effective grammar/vocabulary |
| Topic Development | 4 - Coherent, well-developed |
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? "The best way to improve the quality of education is to increase teachers' salaries." Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
Write Your Essay
Suggested length: 300-350 words | Time: 30 minutes
Essay Structure Template
Introduction (3-4 sentences):
- Hook/Background
- Thesis statement (clear position)
- Preview of reasons
Body Paragraph 1 (5-6 sentences):
- Topic sentence (Reason 1)
- Explanation
- Specific example (personal or general)
- Transition
Body Paragraph 2 (5-6 sentences):
- Topic sentence (Reason 2)
- Explanation with counter-argument consideration
- Specific example
Conclusion (2-3 sentences):
- Restate thesis (different words)
- Final thought/implication
IELTS Academic & General Practice
All four sections: Listening, Reading, Writing, Speaking
Complete the summary below. Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer.
Climate change poses a serious risk to 1. ________________ beyond just environmental concerns. The consequences include 2. ________________ that could affect coastal populations and disruptions to 3. ________________ caused by changing weather patterns and agricultural displacement.
Your Answers:
The chart below shows the percentage of households in different income brackets that owned computers between 2010 and 2020. Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.
2010
2020
2010
2020
[Chart visualization - Bar chart showing computer ownership by income level over time]
Key Vocabulary for This Task:
rose significantly, witnessed a dramatic increase, remained relatively stable, the gap between... narrowed, proportion, percentage, whereas, while, in contrast, compared to
Cue Card
Describe a book that you enjoyed reading.
You should say:
- What the book was
- What it was about
- Why you read it
- And explain why you enjoyed it
⏱️ Preparation time: 1 minute | Speaking time: 2 minutes
Or view sample response:
View Sample Band 8+ Response
Label the plan below. Choose the correct letter A–G for each location.
Map Key:
- A – Main Entrance
- B – Gift Shop
- C – Information Desk
- D – Roman Exhibition Hall
- E – Café
- F – Egyptian Gallery
- G – Children's Room
Questions:
1. The room directly to the left as you enter:
2. The room past the information desk:
3. Upstairs via the staircase next to the café:
Complete the notes below. Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer.
• Theory developed by: Kahneman and
• Core concept: — people feel losses more strongly than gains
• Required gain: approximately the size of a comparable loss
• Anchoring: first information acts as an
• Practical example: negotiations
🎯 Part 1 Format
- Duration: 4–5 minutes
- Topics: work, study, hobbies, family, hometown
- Answers should be 2–3 sentences — not too short, not too long
Answer each of the following Part 1 questions as if in a live interview:
Q1: Do you enjoy cooking? Why or why not?
Q2: What kind of music do you usually listen to?
Q3: Are there many parks in your hometown?
🎤 Practice speaking your answer aloud
Click to start recording
View Sample Band 7+ Answers
Q1: "Yes, I really enjoy cooking, actually. I find it quite therapeutic after a long day at work. I especially like experimenting with different cuisines — lately I've been trying to learn how to cook Thai food."
Q2: "I tend to listen to a mix of jazz and indie pop, depending on my mood. If I'm studying or working, I prefer instrumental jazz because it helps me focus. But when I'm relaxing, I'll often listen to indie artists like Hozier."
Q3: "There are quite a few parks, actually. The main one is a large riverside park where families go at weekends. It has a jogging trail and some beautiful old trees. I used to go there regularly as a child."
The examiner will ask more abstract, analytical questions related to the Part 2 topic. Respond to the following discussion questions:
Topic: Technology and Communication
Q1: How has social media changed the way people communicate compared to previous generations?
Q2: Some people argue that technology has made us less capable of deep conversation. To what extent do you agree?
Q3: What do you think will be the most significant communication challenge for the next generation?
🎤 Aim for 1–2 minutes per question
Click to start recording
💡 Part 3 Scoring Strategy
- Use discourse markers: "Well, from my perspective…", "That's an interesting question…", "On the other hand…"
- Give two-sided answers — show awareness of multiple viewpoints
- Use hedging language: "It could be argued that…", "To some extent…"
- Band 8+ answers often include hypothetical constructions: "If we consider…"
View Band 8 Model Answer (Q1)
You should spend about 40 minutes on this task. Write at least 250 words.
IELTS Task 2 Band Descriptors
| Criterion | Band 7 | Band 8 | Band 9 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Task Achievement | Addresses all parts | Well-developed position | Fully addresses all |
| Coherence | Logical sequence | Skillfully managed | Seamless progression |
| Vocabulary | Good resource | Wide resource | Full flexibility |
| Grammar | Mix of structures | Wide range, rare errors | Full range, error-free |
Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant. Write at least 150 words.
The graph shows average internet usage (hours/day) in four countries from 2000–2020.
| Year | South Korea | Brazil | Nigeria | Germany |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2000 | 1.2 | 0.3 | 0.05 | 0.8 |
| 2005 | 3.1 | 0.9 | 0.2 | 2.0 |
| 2010 | 5.4 | 2.5 | 0.7 | 3.5 |
| 2015 | 7.2 | 4.8 | 2.1 | 5.0 |
| 2020 | 8.9 | 7.3 | 4.6 | 6.8 |
experienced a sharp rise • grew steadily • remained relatively stable • witnessed the most dramatic increase • by contrast • while • whereas • the gap narrowed/widened • peaked at • reached its lowest point
Do the following statements agree with the information in the passage? Write TRUE, FALSE, or NOT GIVEN.
1. Vertical farms use natural sunlight as their primary light source.
2. Vertical farms can produce significantly more food per square metre than traditional farms.
3. The majority of vertical farms currently use solar panels for energy.
Why was the student's scholarship reduced?
- AThe student failed a required course
- BThe student's enrollment fell below full-time status
- CThe student missed the scholarship renewal deadline
- DThe professor recommended the student be removed from the program
According to the professor, which of the following best describes WHY bioluminescence evolved in so many different species?
- AA single common ancestor passed the trait down to all ocean species
- BIt developed independently many times due to strong evolutionary advantages
- CScientists artificially introduced it to increase marine biodiversity
- DIt is primarily a response to water temperature changes
Using the points and examples from the lecture, explain the Dunning-Kruger effect and its real-world implications.
🎤 Record your response
Click to start recording
View Sample High-Scoring Response (Score: 4/4)
| Criteria | Score |
|---|---|
| General Description | 4 — Accurately captures the main concept |
| Key Points Covered | 4 — Both expert/novice aspects + examples cited |
| Language Use | 4 — Fluent, varied vocabulary |
| Delivery | 4 — Clear, well-paced |
Summarize the points made in the lecture, explaining how they cast doubt on the specific claims in the reading. Write 150–225 words.
The lecture challenges three main claims from the reading. First, regarding [Claim 1], the professor argues that... Second, the reading states [Claim 2], however the lecturer points out... Finally, [Claim 3] is contradicted by the professor's argument that...
Where would the following sentence best fit in the passage?
"Such stability was previously impossible for groups that moved constantly in search of food."
- APosition A — After "pivotal shift in human civilization"
- BPosition B — After "accumulation of surplus food"
- CPosition C — After "availability of wild resources"
- DPosition D — After "pottery, trade, and governance"
Cambridge English Practice (B2/C1/C2)
First (FCE), Advanced (CAE), Proficiency (CPE) — all four skills
What does the writer suggest critics of digital minimalism believe?
- APeople should avoid using digital devices altogether
- BGreater awareness of how to use technology is more useful than avoiding it
- CThe attention economy is beneficial to modern society
- DDeep work is an outdated concept in the digital age
Read the text below and choose the correct word for each gap. Use only ONE word in each space.
Match each speaker (1–5) with the reason they changed career (A–F). There is one extra option you do not need.
A – Desire for entrepreneurship
B – Personal health reasons
C – Loss of job due to technology
D – Lack of meaning in work
E – Influence of a mentor
F – Desire for higher salary
Speaker 2:
Speaker 3:
Speaker 4:
Speaker 5:
Part 3 Task (4 minutes with partner)
Your school is creating a well-being initiative. Discuss which TWO of the following would be most beneficial for students:
Part 4 question (examiner-led): "How important is it for schools to prioritize student mental health compared to academic results?"
🎤 Practice Part 3 — discuss all options before choosing two
Click to start recording
💡 Cambridge Speaking Band 5 Phrases
- "What do you think about…?" / "How does that compare to…?"
- "I'd argue that… because…" / "That's a fair point, but…"
- "Shall we move on to…?" / "So, which two shall we go with?"
- Don't just agree — politely challenge to show range
You have listened to a discussion about the role of arts education in schools. You must write an essay based on the two points from the discussion below:
- Arts subjects develop creativity and critical thinking
- Schools should focus more on STEM subjects for employability
Write an essay discussing both viewpoints and giving your own opinion. Write 220–260 words.
Introduction (introduce topic + stance) → Point 1 (arts — concede + develop) → Point 2 (STEM — acknowledge + counter) → Conclusion (balanced opinion). Use formal register. Avoid contractions and colloquial language.
You have seen an advertisement for a part-time position at a local community centre. Write a letter of application to the manager, Mr. Davies. Include: your relevant experience, why you are interested in the role, and what you can offer the centre. Write 140–190 words.
View Sample Band 5 Response
I am writing to apply for the part-time position advertised at the Westfield Community Centre. I believe my background makes me a strong candidate for this role.
Having volunteered at a youth club for two years, I have developed strong communication skills and a genuine passion for community work. I am particularly adept at organizing events and working with people of all ages.
I am drawn to this position because I am eager to contribute to a meaningful local initiative. I could offer not only my time and enthusiasm, but also my experience in social media promotion, which could help raise the centre's profile among younger residents.
I would welcome the opportunity to discuss my application further. Please do not hesitate to contact me.
Yours sincerely,
[Your Name]
JIMAT (Jaminan Mutu Terpadu) Practice
Reading Comprehension, Grammar, Listening, Writing & Speaking
Which of the following best states the main idea of the passage?
- ARenewable energy is cheaper than fossil fuels in all circumstances
- BRenewable energy is increasingly viable but faces practical reliability challenges
- CGovernments are the only reason renewable energy is growing
- DFossil fuels remain superior to renewable energy in almost every way
Choose the grammatically correct option to complete each sentence.
1. By the time the manager arrived, the team ________ the report.
- Ahad already completed
- Bhas completed
- Ccompleted
- Dwill complete
2. Neither the director nor the employees ________ informed about the change.
- Awas
- Bwere
- Care
- Dhas been
According to the announcement, what will happen to staff whose positions are made redundant?
- AThey will be immediately dismissed without compensation
- BThey will be offered retraining and priority for new roles
- CThey will be automatically transferred to the new merged department
- DThey will be required to work remotely permanently
Presentation Task
Topic: "The advantages and disadvantages of remote work for organisations."
Speak for 2–3 minutes. You must cover: (1) at least two advantages, (2) at least one disadvantage, and (3) your recommendation.
🎤 Record your 2–3 minute presentation
Click to start recording
💡 Presentation Structure Guide
- Opening: "Today I'd like to discuss the pros and cons of remote work for organisations."
- Advantages: cost savings on office space, access to global talent pool, higher employee satisfaction
- Disadvantage: challenges in collaboration, monitoring productivity, maintaining company culture
- Recommendation: Use signal phrases like "Based on the evidence, I would recommend a hybrid approach…"
View Sample High-Scoring Response
To begin with the advantages: firstly, organisations can significantly reduce overhead costs by downsizing office space — a substantial saving for large companies. Secondly, remote work allows organisations to recruit from a much wider talent pool, unconstrained by geography, which is particularly valuable in specialised fields.
However, remote work also presents notable challenges. Chief among these is the difficulty of maintaining effective collaboration and spontaneous communication, which can slow decision-making and weaken team cohesion over time.
Based on these considerations, my recommendation is that organisations adopt a structured hybrid model — allowing remote work two to three days per week while requiring on-site presence for key collaborative activities. This balances flexibility with the benefits of in-person interaction. Thank you."
You work for a company that is considering introducing a new employee wellness programme. Your manager has asked you to write a report evaluating the proposal. Your report should include: the potential benefits, possible challenges, and a final recommendation. Write 200–250 words in a formal style.
The purpose of this report is to… • It is evident that… • A significant advantage would be… • One potential drawback is… • In light of the above, it is recommended that… • This report concludes that…
"Dear Team,
We are planning a staff appreciation dinner for next Friday evening. Please reply to confirm your attendance, indicate any dietary requirements, and suggest one activity you would enjoy at the event. Kind regards, HR Department."
Write a reply email to the HR Department. Include all three points mentioned. Write 80–100 words.
Duolingo English Test Practice
Adaptive questions, video interview, and writing sample
Fill in the missing letters to complete the text:
Write about the following topic for 3-5 minutes. You must write at least 50 words.
PMP Certification Practice
People, Process, and Business Environment domains
You are managing a software development project using Agile methodology. During the third sprint, two key developers have a conflict about the technical architecture approach. The team velocity has dropped by 40%, and stakeholders are concerned about the schedule impact. What should you do first?
- A Escalate the conflict to the functional managers for resolution
- B Facilitate a collaborative session to understand both perspectives and reach consensus
- C Make the architectural decision yourself to keep the project on schedule
- D Remove both developers from the project and replace them
Key Concept: Servant leadership, facilitating team decisions, protecting team from external interference.
Your project has a Budget at Completion (BAC) of $500,000. The Earned Value (EV) is $200,000, Actual Cost (AC) is $250,000, and Planned Value (PV) is $220,000. What is the Cost Performance Index (CPI) and what does it indicate?
- A CPI = 0.80; the project is over budget
- B CPI = 1.10; the project is under budget
- C CPI = 0.91; the project is slightly over budget
- D CPI = 1.25; the project is significantly under budget
Calculation: $200,000 / $250,000 = 0.80
A CPI less than 1.0 indicates the project is over budget (getting $0.80 of value for every $1.00 spent). The project is also behind schedule (SPI = EV/PV = 0.91).
SPI (Schedule Performance Index) = EV / PV = 0.91
CV (Cost Variance) = EV - AC = -$50,000
EAC (Estimate at Completion) = BAC / CPI = $625,000
A project team is transitioning from predictive to Agile methodology. The product owner is struggling to prioritize the backlog because stakeholders keep changing requirements. As the Scrum Master, what technique would you recommend to improve this situation?
- A Implement a strict change control board to limit requirement changes
- B Use MoSCoW prioritization and establish a Definition of Ready for backlog items
- C Extend the sprint length to accommodate changing requirements
- D Return to predictive methodology for better control
Google Professional Certificates
Data Analytics, UX Design, Project Management, IT Support
In Google Data Analytics, which SQL clause groups rows that have the same values in specified columns into summary rows?
- AWHERE
- BORDER BY
- CGROUP BY
- DJOIN
During user interviews for a new mobile banking app, several participants mention feeling anxious about entering sensitive information on their phone. What UX design principle should guide your approach to address this concern?
- AProgressive disclosure — show sensitive fields only when necessary
- BHigh-contrast text for better readability
- CLarge touch targets to prevent mis-taps
- DAnimated transitions between screens
Your project team is behind schedule due to scope creep from the client. During the next sprint planning meeting, how should you address this?
- AAdd more team members to work overtime
- BDiscuss with client and reprioritize the backlog using MoSCoW method
- CCancel the sprint planning meeting
- DWork extra hours to catch up
A user reports they cannot access shared network drives. The drives were working yesterday. You can ping the file server from your computer. What should you check FIRST?
- AUser's permissions on the share
- BFile server is powered on
- CUser's network cable is plugged in
- DUser's computer has restarted today
CompTIA Certification Practice
A+, Network+, Security+, and CySA+
A user reports their computer is running slowly and the hard drive LED is constantly active. Task Manager shows 100% disk utilization. Which tool should you use FIRST to diagnose the issue?
- A CHKDSK
- B System File Checker (SFC)
- C Resource Monitor (Resmon)
- D Disk Cleanup
An organization discovers that an attacker has been present in their network for six months, exfiltrating data slowly to avoid detection. The attacker used legitimate administrative tools and credentials. Which type of attack is this, and what security control would have best detected it?
- A SQL Injection; Web Application Firewall (WAF)
- B Pass-the-Hash; Privileged Access Management (PAM)
- C Living off the Land; User and Entity Behavior Analytics (UEBA)
- D Cross-Site Scripting (XSS); Content Security Policy (CSP)
• Use of built-in Windows tools (PowerShell, WMI)
• Legitimate credentials (often compromised)
• Low-and-slow data exfiltration
• No malware signatures to detect
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